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Ion exchange - A mode of chromatography in which ionic substances are separated on cationic or anionic sites of the packing.
Separation in ion exchange chromatography is based upon the selective, reversible adsorption of charged molecules to an immobilized ion exchange group of the opposite charge. An ion exchanger consists of an insoluble porous matrix to which charged groups have been covalently bound.
Ion exchangers may be either positively (anion) or negatively (cation) charged. The charged groups also determine the strength of the ion exchanger (i.e. the extent of variation of ionization with pH) and their total number and availability determine the capacity. The characteristics of the matrix determine chromatographic properties as well as stability.
Ion exchange is probably the most frequently used chromatographic technique for the separation and purification of proteins and other biomolecules. The reasons are its widespread applicability, high resolving power and high capacity, combined with the simplicity and controllability of the method.
Read more about the basic principles behind ion exchange chromatography.
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