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Mammalian cells (e.g CHO, BHK)
Mammalian expression is the most commonly used system for higher eucaryotic proteins, requiring complex systems for different types of post-translational modifications. Glycosylation in mammalian cells is specific to species, tissue and cell type. Choosing the correct cell line can be important.
Production levels are typically in the range of tens of milligrams per litre per day. Because of the complexity of the cell culture growth media there are a lot of additional impurities to remove during the downstream operation.
Mammalian cells are often grown in immobilized systems (e.g. hollow fibre perfusion or microcarrier systems) which can protect fragile cells as well as concentrate the product and perform simple cell separations. Examples of validation concerns are virus and nucleic acid clearance. The cell line used must be well characterized.
Advantages
- Glycosylation of the complex type
- Other post-translational modifications
- Secretion systems available
Disadvantages
- Slow cell growth (doubles in 18-24 hours)
- Low final cell density
- Low expression levels
- Expensive culture media
- Sensitive to shear forces
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Read more about how to produce recombinant proteins with bacteria, insect cells, transgenics, and yeast. |
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